ABDULQADIR QUSHBEGIYEV
He was one of the national leaders in Turkestan. He was a progressive intellectual.
Mulla Abduqadirbek was born in 1882 in the city of Tashkent. His father, Mirza Ahmad, was originally from Andijan, and was appointed by Khudoyor Khan to the position of chief military commander in Tashkent.
After the death of his father in 1889, 7-year-old Abdulqadir and his mother moved to Andijan - to the house of his uncle Shermuhammad Alikulov.
In Andijan, he studied at the Russian-Tuzem school and gymnasium.
Until the revolution of 1917, he managed the cotton trade of Mirkomilboy Mirmominboyev and took over the trading business. At the same time, he got acquainted with the ideas of modern progressives and supported them financially and morally as much as possible.
In 1916, he participated as a translator in the work of the commission established to investigate the tragic consequences of labor recruitment and witnessed many mistakes made in labor recruitment. Especially, the arrival of Kerensky and Ubaidulla Khojayev to Andijan after the February revolution and the processes related to this inspection had a sharp impact on his outlook.
According to the archive documents, he participated in the activities of the organization “Yosh Taraqqiparvarlar” (Yosh Sartlar) established in Andijan. Actively participated in the establishment of the “Turk Adami Markaziyati Firkasi”. He was a member of Andijan branch of “Shurai Islamiya” society.
At the end of 1917, Abdulqadir Qushbegiyev was elected as a representative of the Muslim Bureau from Andijan and came to Tashkent.
After the establishment of the Turkestan Autonomy, he worked as a member of the National Assembly. In the spring of 1918, Abdugadir Qushbegiyev, who saved his life from the massacres in Kokand, was forced to join the left Eser party, and soon the communist party. In 1918, he entered the service of the Soviets and held a number of responsible positions in the Republic of Turkestan, including in 1920 as the Commissioner of Land Affairs of the USSR. Abduqadir Qushbegiyev went to Bukhara after the Bukhara revolution. He also worked there as a Commissioner of Land Affairs.
Using certain economic freedoms due to the New Economic Policy of the Soviets, Abdugadir Qushbegiyev achieved great success in cattle trade with China. However, the Soviet authorities did not like this, and various conditions began to be imposed. When he did not agree, he was imprisoned by the GPU in 1925. Accused of violating the contract with the state, he was sentenced to 10 years in a concentration camp under Article 130, Part 2 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR.
After spending 5 years and 2 months of his sentence on Solovki Island, in June 1930, he escaped from the island of death safely. In 1932, after returning to the Motherland and being unemployed for some time in Tashkent, he entered the orphanage belonging to the People’s Commissariat of Education in Yangiyol, and later became its director.
On August 9, 1937, he was re-imprisoned by the NKVD of the UzSSR. He was charged with Article 66-1 of the Criminal Code of the UzSSR. A.Qushbegiyev denied the accusations against him during the interrogations. Nevertheless, on August 14, 1937, he was sentenced to death by the “trio” of the NKVD of the UzSSR. The sentence was executed on August 18, 1937.
On January 1, 1958, A.Qushbegiyev’s son, Hasan Abduqadirov, filed an application in the name of the Prosecutor General of the USSR, interested in the fate of his father. However, a false certificate is given that Abduqadir Qushbegiyev died of heart failure on August 14, 1941 in MTL.
On September 15, 1989, Abduqadir Qushbegiyev was acquitted by the Prosecutor’s Office of the UZSSR. This information was delivered by the Prosecutor’s Office of the UzSSR only on December 23, 1996 to Adiba Karimova, the granddaughter of Abduqadir Qushbegiyev.
Sources used:
- Irzayev. Abduqodir Qushbegiyev. Tarixning nomaʼlum sahifalari. Ilmiy maqolalar, hujjat va materiallar, xotiralar. 9-kitob. – Toshkent: Akademnashr, 2020. –B. 71
- Qahramon Rajabov. Turkiston Muxtoriyati vazirlari hamda Milliy Majlis aʼzolari hayoti va taqdiri. – Toshkent: “BODOMZOR INVEST” oilaviy korxonasi, 2021. – B. 62-64.
